This conversion may have resulted in character translation or format errors. Analysis of the files collected in the national poison information centre, lodz, poland. Ethylene glycol toxicity also resulted in restricted diffusion within the white matter tracts of the corona radiata, a finding not previously described in. Immediate treatment for eg toxicity is critical due to rapid progression and irreversibility of renal lesions, any patient suspected of consuming eg should be tested and decontaminated unlessuntil exposure has been ruled out. Due to its low volatility and low dermal absorption rate, acute toxicity is unlikely following exposure to. Ethylene glycol may be acutely toxic following ingestion. Recognize and interpret blood gas, anion gap, and osmolal gap in setting of ta ingestion 4. Long term outcomes may include kidney failure and brain damage.
Overview of ethylene glycol toxicity toxicology merck. An online veterinary manual provides information on lethal doses of ethylene glycol for chicken, cattle, as well as cats and dogs, adding that. Ethylene glycol eg toxicity extended version beloved pets drink from puddles. Oxalic acid, a metabolite of ethylene glycol, chelates with serum calcium and precipitates as crystals in renal tubules, while formic acid, a methanol metabolite, damages the optic nerves and retina. Specific treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning includes. Recovery after prolonged oliguria due to ethylene glycol intoxication. Ethylene glycol and methanol themselves are not toxic, but their metabolites cause inebriation, nausea and vomiting, metabolic acidosis, hemodynamic instability and seizures. Pdf the ingestion of ethylene glycol results in toxicity with characteristic chemical, pathological, and imaging findings. Ethylene glycol poisoning is poisoning caused by drinking ethylene glycol.
Effective june 19, 2015, the office of environmental health hazard assessment oehha is adding ethylene glycol ingested cas no. Pdf ethylene glycol, a common antifreeze, coolant and industrial solvent, is responsible for many instances of accidental and intentional poisoning. Cofactors for ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning. Toxicity and death may occur after drinking even a small amount. Download printerfriendly version adobe pdf file pdf 496 kb. Please note that the layout and pagination of this pdf file are not necessarily. Early symptoms include intoxication, vomiting and abdominal pain. Order appropriate laboratory and radiology studies in ethylene glycol toxicity 3. Dioxane the dimer of ethylene glycol which causes coma and hepatic renal failure dipropylene glycol, which causes cns depression diethylene glycol, which causes hideous renal failure even in small doses. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 780k, or click on a page image.
The chemical formula for ethylene glycol is c 2 h 6 o 2, and its molecular weight is 62. Dog, acute onset lethargy, disorientation, vomiting, seizures. All animals are susceptible to ethylene glycol eg toxicity, but it is most common in dogs and cats. Ethylene glycol is a precursor for many polymers, eg. Intoxication with ethylene glycol occurs as a result of intentional ingestion in suicide attempts or accidentally. Users are referred to the original paper copy of the toxicological profile for the official text, figures, and tables. Thought to result from calcium oxalate blocking the renal tubules. Cns depression, including such symptoms as vomiting, drowsiness, coma, respiratory failure, convulsions, metabolic changes, and gastrointestinal upset are followed by cardiopulmonary effects and later renal damage. Most intoxications are associated with ingestion of antifreeze, which is typically 95% eg.
Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. These 95% commercial antifreeze preparations are diluted 50% with water when used in vehicle cooling systems. The atsdr toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. Differentiate the symptoms and signs of ethylene glycol toxicity from those associated with other toxic alcohols e. All atsdr toxicological profile pdf files are electronic conversions from paper copy or other electronic ascii text files. The widespread availability of antifreeze, its sweet taste and small minimum lethal dose, and the lack of public awareness of the toxicity ie, improper storage and disposal contribute to the. Pdf current management of ethylene glycol poisoning. What are the stages of ethylene glycol intoxication. Loading dose is 15mgkg in 100 mls of ns or d5w infused over 30 minutes next 10mgkg every 12 hours for two days next 15mgkg every 12 hours until the ethylene glycol level is less than 2 and pt.
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